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The 138th Rifle Division began service as a standard Red Army rifle division, was converted to serve for two years as a mountain rifle division, then back to a rifle division. The division played a leading role in defending the Red Barricades ordnance factory in the Battle of Stalingrad, for which it was raised to Guards status as the 70th Guards Rifle Division. A new 138th was raised a few months later and fought through Ukraine and the Carpathian Mountains of Czechoslovakia from August 1943 to May 1945. == 1st Formation == The division was originally based on a regimental cadre (301st Rifle Regiment) from the 48th Rifle Division and began forming in September, 1939, with the following order of battle: * 554th Rifle Regiment * 650th Rifle Regiment * 768th Rifle Regiment * 295th Light Artillery Regiment * 198th Antitank Battalion * 203rd Signal Battalion * 155th Reconnaissance Battalion * 179th Sapper Battalion * 436th Tank Battalion * 135th Medical Battalion The division was under the command of Col. A.I. Pastarevich. By December the 138th was already engaged in the Soviet-Finnish Winter War. Fighting as a separate rifle division, part of 7th Army on the Karelian Isthmus, the 138th performed better than the stereotypical Red Army formation of that war. When the fighting was over, the division had collectively won the Order of the Red Banner, and three officers were awarded the Gold Star Hero of the Soviet Union.〔The data in this section are mostly taken from the relevant articles in Russian Wikipedia〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「138th Rifle Division (Soviet Union)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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